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Samma dynasty

37 reference entries captured from the article’s notes and bibliography.

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These entries include all references extracted from this article, including works about architecture, origins and other subjects. They do not all support destruction claims. Bibliographic capture does not mean that the original work was read. Some references cite another bibliography entry rather than a URL.

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  1. 1. ↑Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). _A Historical atlas of South Asia_. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp.39, 147. ISBN0226742210. Archived from the original on 2022-02-06. Retrieved 2022-04-28.

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  2. 2. ↑M. H. Panhwar, _Languages of Sindh_, p 7.

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  3. 3. ↑Ghulam Muhammad Lakho (2006), _The Samma Kingdom of Sindh_, Jamshoro: Institute of Sindhology, p. 173.

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  4. 4. ↑P. M. Holt; Ann K. S. Lambton; Bernard Lewis (21 April 1977). _The Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 2A, The Indian Sub-Continent, South-East Asia, Africa and the Muslim West_. Cambridge University Press. p.26. ISBN978-0-521-29137-8.

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  5. 5. 1Census Organization (Pakistan); Abdul Latif (1976). _Population Census of Pakistan, 1972: Larkana_. Manager of Publications.

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  6. 6. 1U. M. Chokshi; M. R. Trivedi (1989). _Gujarat State Gazetteer_. Director, Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State. p.274. It was the conquest of Kutch by the Sindhi tribe of Sama Rajputs that marked the emergence of Kutch as a separate kingdom in the 14th century.

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  7. 7. ↑Naz, Humera (2023). _Sindh under the Kalhoras: Persian histories, chronicles, epistolaries, and compendiums of 18th century Sindh_ (First ed.). Oxford University Press. p.13. ISBN9780190701406.

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  8. 8. ↑Rapson, Edward James; Haig, Sir Wolseley; Burn, Sir Richard; Dodwell, Henry (1965). _The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W. Haig_. Chand. p.518.

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  9. 9. ↑Naz, Humera (2019). "Sindh under the Mughals: Some Glimpses from Tarikh-i-Masumi and Mazhar-i- ShahjahaniI". _Pakistan Perspectives_. **24** (2). SSRN3652107.

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  10. 10. ↑Sheikh, Samira (2010). _Forging a Region Sultans, Traders, and Pilgrims in Gujarat, 1200–1500_. Oxford University Press. p.42. ISBN9780199088799.

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  11. 11. ↑Population Census of Pakistan, 1972: Jacobabad

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  12. 12. ↑Ansari, Sarah F. D. (1992-01-31). _Sufi Saints and State Power: The Pirs of Sind, 1843-1947_. Cambridge University Press. p.30. ISBN978-0-521-40530-0. One of the most well-known all-India examples of Suhrawardi intervention in political affairs concerned Sind. Between 1058 and 1520, control of the province was effectively delegated by the Delhi Sultanates first to the Soomros and later to the Sammas. Both were local Rajput tribes converted to Islam whose chiefs were disciples of Suhrawardi saints at Uch and Multan.

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  13. 13. ↑_Sindh: Land of Hope and Glory_. Har-Anand Publications. 2002. p.112. ISBN9788124108468. Retrieved 3 April 2016.

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  14. 14. ↑Wink, A. (2002). _Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Early medieval India and the expansion of Islam 7th-11th centuries. Vol. 1_. Brill Academic Publishers. p.158-159. ISBN978-0-391-04125-7. Retrieved 2022-08-02. The Lohana, Lakha, Samma, Sahtah, Chand (Channa)....which appear, at least in the Muslim sources, to be subdivisions of the Jats or to be put on a par with the Jats. Some of these tribes were dominating others, but they all, as a matter of course, suffered certain discriminatory measures (cf. infra) under both the Rai and Brahman dynasties and the Arabs. The territories of the Lohana, Lakha and Samma are also described as separate jurisdictions under the governor of Brahmanabad in the pre-Muslim era. Whatever may be the original distinction between Samma and Jat - the two tribes from which the majority of Sindhis descend - , in later times it became completely b

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  15. 15. 1"Directions in the History and Archaeology of Sindh by M. H. Panhwar". Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2008-10-25.

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  16. 16. ↑Anjali H. Desai (2007). _India Guide Gujarat_. India Guide Publications. pp.311–. ISBN978-0-9789517-0-2.

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  17. 17. ↑Kumar Suresh Singh; Rajendra Behari Lal; Anthropological Survey of India (2003). _Gujarat, Part 1 Gujarat, Anthropological Survey of India_. Popular Prakashan. pp.1174–1175. ISBN9788179911044.

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  18. 18. ↑People of India Gujarat Volume XXII Part One edited by R.B Lal, S.V Padmanabham & A Mohideen page 1174-75 Popular Prakashan

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  19. 19. 1History of Delhi Sultanate by M.H. Syed (p240), 2005 ISBN978-8-12611-830-4

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  20. 20. ↑Ephrat, Daphna; Wolper, Ethel Sara; Pinto, Paulo G. (7 December 2020). _Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power across Time and Place_. BRILL. p.276. ISBN978-90-04-44427-0.

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  21. 21. ↑The Hindu - The world's largest necropolis

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  22. 22. ↑"The environments that led to the rise and fall of the Kalhoras". Archived from the original on 2017-02-26. Retrieved 2023-03-31.

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  23. 23. ↑A HISTORY OF SIND, EMBRACING THE PERIOD FROM A.D. 710 TO A.D. 1590 by MAHOMED MASOOM;

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  24. 24. ↑Qureshi, Urooj (8 August 2014). "In Pakistan, imposing tombs that few have seen". BBC Travel. Retrieved 17 July 2017.

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  25. 25. ↑Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hormuz". _Encyclopædia Britannica_. Vol.12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.694.

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  26. 26. ↑The Global World of Indian Merchants, 1750-1947: Traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama by Claude Markovits, 2000 ISBN978-0-521-62285-1

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  27. 27. ↑Archnet.org: Thattah 2012-06-06 at the Wayback Machine

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  28. * _This article incorporates text from the work_ A History of Sind _by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg, a publication now in the public domain._

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  29. * Islamic culture - Page 429, by Islamic Culture Board

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  30. * The History and Culture of the Indian People - Page 224, by Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti

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  31. * Searchlights on Baloches and Balochistan, by Mir Khuda Bakhsh Marri

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  32. * The Delhi Sultanate, by Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, Ramesh Chandra Majumdar, Asoke Kumar Majumdar, A. D. Pusalker

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  33. * Babar, by Radhey Shyam

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  34. * Indo-Arab relations: an English rendering of Arab oʾ Hind ke taʾllugat, by Syed Sulaiman Nadvi, Sayyid Sulaimān Nadvī, M. Salahuddin

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  35. * Muslim Kingship in India, by Nagendra Kumar Singh

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  36. * The Indus Delta country: a memoir, chiefly on its ancient geography and history, by Malcolm Robert Haig

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  37. * The Samma kingdom of Sindh: historical studies, by G̲h̲ulāmu Muḥammadu Lākho, University of Sind. Institute of Sindology

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